Broiler farming is one of all business which gave high profits. That’s because all the body parts of broiler chickens can be process to some options like culinary, ornament, paint, and sports. The high profit calls all beginners to start this business. This business is not always guarantee for high profit, but also it has its own challenge. As we know that broiler chickens are susceptible to diseases. The disease is not only caused by external factors like virus or bacteria but also caused by internal factors like the genetic and the growth process. That’s should be main point for beginners who started the broiler farming.
The beginners should highlight the information tips and some regulations of broiler farming. It will help them to monitoring the farm movement. Also, it is important for beginners to choose the high quality broiler chicks to rising for. Learn it directly to senior farmer also needed for beginners to gain the information and some secret tips.
To give you general information to start broiler farming, here is guide for beginners to start broiler farming
1. Location
The best location for this business is the place which far from settlement. You better considering the comfortable of your neighbor. The broiler farming produces stink which can ruin the smell. Pick the location which isn’t around by settlement but not over far from your house. You can choose the location between rice fields or free space land. It is better if the location is far from settlement, nearly by your house and available with water source.
2. The access
It is important for you to pay attention over the access to your farm. Bad access can impact your business too. Your partner maybe don’t want to be your partner anymore because they hard to access your farm. Even you give them low price, it is be plus point if you treat your partner with nice access to make their job easier. Besides, bad access also impact to your broiler chickens, for example potholes. When the rain is come, the water will fill the potholes. The potholes will trigger some diseases by its puddle.
3. The cage and air circulation
Besides the cage should be near with water source, you must take the regulations to start the business. It is better to make the cage position is stretching from east to west. Install some lamps to light the cage in the night and helps the chicks warm. The location which is far from settlement with none any building around the cage is profitable to air circulation. The wind will get in and out regularly. It makes the broiler chickens get fresh air to reduce the hot temperature. You are also makes and manage the litter and insulation. Don’t forget to give a place to eat and drink for chickens.
4. Selection broiler chicks
Choose healthy chicks which active move, no defects, fat, have good or shiny feathers, clean nose condition, have sharp or not glazed eyes, and choose the chicks that have a clean hole.
5. The food
To meet the nutritional need of broiler chickens, you must pay attention to the content that contained in the feed so that the chicken produced is healthier and has and ideal height. Choose the foods that contain carbohydrates, vitamins, protein, minerals, and fat. The type of feed used in chicken farm usually consists of 2 types, namely factory feed or homemade feed. For factory feed types are usually divided into 2 stages:
- Enlargement stage
At this stage, broiler chickens are still between 1-20 days old. In order for the broiler chicken enlargement process to go according to what we expect then use feed with a minimum 23% protein to support growth and development because at this age chickens will experience very fast growth.
- Fattening stage
The fattening stage is the stage when the chickens are over the age of 20 days old. At this age, the broiler chicken needs less protein which is around 20%, besides protein, the broiler chicken also need carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins to gain the weight.
6. Vaccination
Giving vaccines to broiler chicken is the first step that must be taken to prevent the entry of the disease into the chicken. Vaccine is a weakened or already disabling microorganism that causes pain or is immunogenic which means it can stimulate or stimulate immune formation in the body. In the process id administering vaccines or what is known as vaccination can be done by mixing vaccines with drinking water, drop vaccination, and injection vaccination. Before vaccinating, there are a number of things that you need to be considered, here is the following explanation:
- Good vaccine storage method
Keep the vaccine in the refrigerator with temperatures between 2-8 C. Do store it in the freezer section. Avoid vaccine from heat and sunlight directly. Keep out of reach of children. If the vaccine will be transported to a place that is quite far away, place it in a place that has goo insulation properties to the temperature in the outside environment. The right container is a thermos or stereo foam box, don’t forget to put ice in the container.
- Situation and condition that need to be considered before administering the vaccine
Look over the type of vaccine to be used, dosage. You better see the expiration table and the time to give the vaccine must be right. Before giving a vaccine, make sure the chicken is healthy. Avoid vaccination during weather or hot temperatures. The maximum temperature allowed is 29 C. as much as possible stay away from using metal containers, it is recommended to use plastic containers. Use new, clean, and fresh water which is free of chlorine, disinfecting, and has a pH between 6,5 – 7,5. Vaccine sites and vaccinations must be cleaned immediately after use. Wash using running water without any additional chlorine and disinfectant. After vaccination, you should immediately give supplements or multivitamins so that the chicken is not easily stressed.
7. Treatment
- First week (1-7 days0
Move the chicks to the heater then give warm drinking water and sugar (day 1). For day 2 and so on you can use ordinary water. Give the initial feed for chicks in the form of small gains or crumbles. The amount of the feed given is at least 13 grams per head or 1,3 kilograms for the needs of 100 chickens. Whereas, the first vaccination will be carry out on the 4th day.
- Second week (8-14 days)
In the second week, it still requires supervision but it is lighter than the first week. The temperature can be lowered. Feed needed in the second week is 33 grams per chickens or 3,3 kilograms per 100 chickens.
- Third week (15-21 days)
During the daytime, the heater can be turned off. The amount of feed needed is 48 grams per chicken. The second vaccination is carried out again this week, especially towards the end of the week or near the 21st day.
- Fourth week (22-28 days)
Heaters can be removed, because at this age chicken feathers have started for dense and enough to warm his body. The feed needed is 65 grams per chicken.
- Fifth week (29-35 days)
The amount of feed needed is more, which is 88 grams per chicken. Before the age of 35 days, do a sampling body weight again. The ideal body weight is 1,8 -2 kilograms.
- Sixth week (36-42 days)
At this age, the chicken is ready for harvest. The floor must be kept dry and always maintain the cleanliness of the cage.